Spheres of Control

Paulhus, D. (1983). Sphere-specific measures of perceived control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(6), 1253-1265. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.44.6.1253

The measure: Paulhus (1983) Spheres of Control.doc

	Table of Contents
	Description
	History of Use
	References

Description:

Purpose		The Spheres of Control battery was designed to assess perceptions of control in 3 distinct areas: Personal efficacy, which is defined as "control over the nonsocial environment" Interpersonal control, which is defined as "control over other people in dyads and groups" Sociopolitical control, which is defined as "control over social and political events and institutions"
Questions		30 items using 7-point ratings (1 = disagree to 7 = agree)
Sub-scales		3 sub-scales, each with 10 items: Personal efficacy scale (PE) Interpersonal control scale (IC) Sociopolitical control scale (SC)
Domain
Psychometrics
Sample items		When I get what I want it's usually because I worked hard for it. (PE) I have no trouble making and keeping friends. (IC) With enough effort we can wipe out political corruption. (SC)

References:

Scale:

Paulhus, D. (1983). Sphere-specific measures of perceived control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(6), 1253-1265. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.44.6.1253

Paulhus, D.L., & Van Selst, M. (1990). The Spheres of Control scale: Ten years of research. Personality and Individual Differences, 11(10), 1029-1036. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(90)90130-J

Spittal, M.J., Siegert, R.J., McClure, J.L., & Walkey, F.H. (2002). The Spheres of Control scale: The identification of a clear, replicable three-factor structure. Personality and Individual Differences, 32(1), 121-131. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00010-1

Uses:

Sutton, R. M., & Douglas, K. M. (2005). Justice for all, or just for me? More evidence of the importance of the self-other distinction in just-world beliefs. Personality and Individual Differences, 39(3), 637-645. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2005.02.010

Parkes, K. R., & Razavi, T. D. B. (2004). Personality and attitudinal variables as predictors of voluntary union membership.Personality and Individual Differences, 37(2), 333-347. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2003.09.007

McCarty, J. A., & Shrum, L. J. (2001). The influence of individualism, collectivism, and locus of control on environmental beliefs and behavior. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 20(1), 93-104.

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