Resistance to Change (RTC)

Oreg, S. (2003). Resistance to change: Developing an individual differences measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(4), 680-693. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.88.4.680
The measure: Oreg (2003) Resistance to Change.doc


Table of Contents


Description


History of Use


References


Description:

Purpose

The RTC was designed to assess individuals' tendencies "to resist or avoid making changes, to devalue change generally, and to find change aversive across diverse contexts and types of change."
Questions

17 items using 6-point ratings (1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree)
Sub-scales

4 sub-scales:
  • Routine Seeking (RS): the behavioral component of resistance to change, "inclination to adopt routines"
  • Emotional Reaction (ER): the affective component of resistance to change, "the amount of stress and uneasiness" induced by change
  • Short-term Focus (SF): the affective component of resistance to change, "the extent to which individuals are distracted by the short-term inconveniences" associated with change
  • Cognitive Rigidity (CR): the cognitive component of resistance to change, "frequency and ease with which people change their minds"
Domain


Psychometrics


Sample items

  • I generally consider changes to be a negative thinking. (RS)
  • When I am informed of a change of plans, I tense up a bit. (ER)
  • Changing plans seems like a real hassle to me. (SF)
  • I don't change my mind easily. (CR)

References:

Scale:
Oreg, S. (2003). Resistance to change: Developing an individual differences measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(4), 680-693. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.88.4.680
Uses:
  • Arciniega, L. M., & Gonzalez, L. (2009). Validation of the Spanish-language version of the resistance to change scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(2), 178-182. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2008.09.024
  • Oreg, S., Nevo, O., Metzer, H., Leder, N., & Castro, D. (2009). Dispositional resistance to change and occupational interests and choices. Journal of Career Assessment, 17(3), 312-323. doi: 10.1177/1069072708330599
  • Oreg, S., Bayazit, M., Vakola, M., Arciniega, L., Armenakis, A., Barkauskiene, R., et al. (2008). Dispositional resistance to change: Measurement equivalence and the link to personal values across 17 nations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(4), 935-944. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.4.935
  • Foster, R. D. (2010). Resistance, Justice, and Commitment to Change. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 21(1), 3-39. doi: 10.1002/hrdq.20035

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