Empathy Measure (EM)

Hogan, R. (1969). Development of an empathy scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33(3), 307-316. doi: 10.1037/h0027580


Table of Contents

Description

History of Use

References

Description:

Purpose
The EM was designed to assess empathy, which is defined as "the intellectual or imaginative apprehension of another's condition or state of mind." The EM is a combination of 31 questions from the California Psychological Inventory (CPI), 25 questions from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), and 8 questions from studies at the University of California's Institute of Personality Assessment and Research (IPAR).
Questions
64 items using a true/false format
Sub-scales
N/A
Domain

Psychometrics

Sample items
  • As a rule I have little difficulty in 'putting myself into other people's shoes.'

References:

Scale:
Hogan, R. (1969). Development of an empathy scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33(3), 307-316. doi: 10.1037/h0027580
Uses:
  • Gunther, M., Evans, G., Mefford, L., & Coe, T. R. (2007). The relationship between leadership styles and empathy among student nurses. Nursing Outlook, 55(4), 196-201. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2007.01.013

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